NOVEL MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES OF FLYING FISHES (BELONIFORMES: EXOCOETIDAE) AND INSIGHTS INTO THE PHYLOGENY OF BELONIFORMES

Iuri Batista da Silva; Fabiano Menegidio; Karine Frehner Kavalco; Rubens Pasa

Paper Title

Authors

Iuri Batista da Silva
Fabiano Menegidio
Karine Frehner Kavalco
Rubens Pasa

Modality

Xpress presentation

Subject area

Phylogeny and Evolution

Publishing Date

26/04/2022

Country of Publishing

Brasil

Language of Publishing

Inglês

Paper Page

https://www.even3.com.br/anais/xmeetingxp2021/420011-novel-mitochondrial-genomes-of-flying-fishes-(beloniformes--exocoetidae)-and-insights-into-the-phylogeny-of-belon

ISBN

978-65-5941-645-5

Keywords

Belonidae, Hemiramphidae, Mitogenome, mtDNA, Phylogenetic inference

Summary

Flying fishes (Exocoetidae) are marine fish distributed across all oceans, occurring mainly in the epipelagic zone from tropical and subtropical waters. Unique fishes, they are capable of flight outside of water, due to highly modified pectoral fins and the ability to propel themselves in the air at high speed. With 75 species distributed across seven genera, studies on their phylogeny and basic genomic information are still scarce. To this day, only 14 species have their mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) described, and only one has their genome assembled. Mitogenomes carry resourceful information for evolution, being an important molecular diversity marker that should not be neglected. In this study, we aim to expand the number of species with mitogenomes described and reconstruct the phylogeny of Beloniformes based on mtDNA to better understand the relationships of flying fishes within the order. To achieve this, we mined six single-end DNA-seq reads from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) from four species of Exocoetidae that did not have the mitochondrial genome described: Cheilopogon furcatus, Cheilopogon papilio, Cypselurus callopterus and Fodiator rostratus. The mitochondrial genome assembly was conducted on GetOrganelle using default parameters for single-end reads and animal mitochondrial genome. The mitogenome annotation was carried on MitoAnnotator at MitoFish web-server. To recover the phylogeny, we mined 30 mitochondrial genomes from Beloniformes and five from Cyprinodontiformes species, along with the four mitogenomes assembled in this study. We extracted 13 protein-coding genes from each mitogenome and aligned each gene dataset on MAFFT v7.475 under the L-INS-i method. The alignments were trimmed on ClipKIT v1.1.5 and concatenated through SequenceMatrix v1.8.2. The best-fit model and partition schemes were tested and defined on IQ-TREE 2.1.3. The Maximum likelihood (ML) was also conducted on IQ-TREE, with 1000 bootstrap replications. The resultant phylogenetic tree was rooted in the Cyprinodontiformes clade. The length of the assembled mitochondrial genomes ranged from 16,524 bp in Cheilopogon furcatus to 16,532 bp in Cheilopogon papilio. The genome content of the four mitogenomes was typical of vertebrates, with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA and one control region (CR). In the phylogeny, all groups are well-supported by bootstrap values over 70, with the majority of them over 95. Exocoetidade was recovered as a monophyletic group inside Hemiramphidae. While Belonidae, Scomberesocidae, and Zenarchopteridae constitute a sister clade of Exocoetidae/Hemiranphidae. On the other hand, Adrianichtydae was reconstructed as a sister group of all the other Beloniformes families, indicating an early divergence of the group. Similar results were recovered by mtDNA phylogenies, but with less sampling. Here, we successfully assembled four new mitogenomes from public data and expanded the phylogeny of Beloniformes through mtDNA, reaffirming previous works with mitochondrial genomes.

Title of the Event: X-Meeting XPerience 2021
Title of the Proceedings of the event: X-Meeting presentations
Name of the Publisher: Even3
Means of Dissemination: Meio Digital

How to cite

SILVA, Iuri Batista da et al.. NOVEL MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES OF FLYING FISHES (BELONIFORMES: EXOCOETIDAE) AND INSIGHTS INTO THE PHYLOGENY OF BELONIFORMES.. In: X-Meeting presentations. Anais...São Paulo(SP) AB3C, 2021. Available in: https//www.even3.com.br/anais/xmeetingxp2021/420011-NOVEL-MITOCHONDRIAL-GENOMES-OF-FLYING-FISHES-(BELONIFORMES--EXOCOETIDAE)-AND-INSIGHTS-INTO-THE-PHYLOGENY-OF-BELON. Access in: 30/04/2025